A Finite Element Model and Electronic Analogue of Pipeline Pressure Transients With Frequency-Dependent Friction

phase turbulence, but underpredict the two-phase fluctuation velocities, and the difference between the two model predictions is not obvious. 4. The nonlinear k-«-kp model has no problem of convergence encountered in the implicit algebraic stress model. 5. In two-dimensional flows with small geometrical sizes the NKP model can save about 50% computation time than the USM model. However, in three-dimensional flows with large geometrical sizes the NKP model can save much more computation time.